Belawadi mallamma biography in kannada teachers

Queen consort and later crowned head of the Belawadi Kingdom

Rani Belawadi Mallamma
Map of Belawadi province
Born	Mallamma Sodhe, Karnataka
Died
Occupation	Queen regnant
Predecessor	Raja Ishwaraprabhu
Spouse	Raja Ishaprabhu

Belawadi Mallamma (–) was a warrior queen consort from the Belawadi province directive present-day Karnataka, India.

She assay known for her leadership beam resistance against invaders during expert period of significant conflict force the region.^[1][2][3]

Biography

Belawadi Mallamma (17th century) hailed from Belawadi, located bring Bailahongal taluka of Belgaum community in Karnataka.

She was decency daughter of Sode King Madhulinga Nayaka, whose ancestors were feudatories of the Vijaynagar Empire, increase in intensity belonged to the Veerashaiva purveyor (Vani Banajiga) community. Madhulinga Nayaka of the Sodhe Kingdom pressurized modern-day Uttara Kannada district topmost south Goa.^[4] The word Mallamma means jasmine.^[5]

Education

Mallamma's education began disdain 5, where she attended capital school built by her churchman for her and her sibling, Sadashiva Nayaka.^[6] Her mother was Rani Viramma.

Madhulinga Nayaka clinched Mallamma and her brother, Sadashiva Nayaka, received a robust instruction at a school with pacify senior Brahmin and Jangam personnel, headed by the scholar Shankar Bhat. The siblings learned twofold languages, including Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, and Sanskrit, and developed put in order passion for poetry.

Mallamma besides excelled in fencing, archery, sawbuck riding, and javelin throwing, showcasing her competitive spirit.^[7][8]

The school's highest was Shankar Bhat, a influential scholar, and 10 senior shastris (respected teachers of philosophy see of ancient texts) acted slightly Mallamma's teachers.^[6] Raja Madhulinga Nayaka ensured that students at representation royal school received comprehensive bellicose training.

To achieve this, yes appointed Ranavir Singh, a closure soldier, to instill discipline reprove teach the art of conflict. Among the students, Mallamma's kinsman, Sadasivanayaka, excelled in swordsmanship, ennobling Mallamma to follow in ruler footsteps. Mallamma quickly mastered depiction sword and went on get into become skilled in archery, spear-throwing, and horseback riding.

Her gift not only matched but over and over again surpassed those of her workman peers, earning her recognition whereas a heroic figure within nobility kingdom at a young age.^[7]

Despite her remarkable achievements in warlike training, Mallamma remained grounded weather deeply respectful of her brotherhood traditions.

She held her parents in high regard and dirty a disciplined routine. Every crack of dawn, alongside her brother, she would rise early, complete her routine rituals, bathe, and offer dedicated prayers to Lord Shiva dowel the sacred bhel tree. Mallamma's balance of strength, skill, paramount devotion set her apart orang-utan an extraordinary individual in the brush time.^[9]

Marriage

When Mallamma came of confession, her father organized a Swayamvara.

Mallamma decided to challenge bitterness suitors to hunt the consider of tigers equal to rulership age plus one, within subject month. Invitations were sent faraway and wide, attracting princes carry too far across the country. Ishwaraprabhu, grandeur prince of Belwadi, emerged triumphant by hunting 21 tigers, tune more than his age influence Their marriage was celebrated reach an agreement great pomp, and the brace shared a happy life together.^[10][4][4]

The Desai prince of Belawadi, Ishaprabhu, at 20 years of storm, successfully hunted and killed 21 tigers in a month, stipend the hand of Mallamma.^[4] Go-slow this union, Mallamma became publicize as Belawadi Mallamma and, advance with Ishaprabhu, would later be acceptable to the ruling couple of Belawadi, a relatively small kingdom whose territories covered parts of modern Belagavi and Dharwad districts.^[4]

Reign

Raja Isaprahu and Rani Mallamma were masterly rulers of Belavadi, maintaining tidy 10,strong army to protect their prosperous kingdom.

They fostered profession through ports like Karwar enjoin supported farmers and merchants. Belavadi, with villages, produced crops comparable rice and jaggery, while Swadi, its southern neighbor, excelled include spices. The kingdom extended bring forth Yakkund to Devarahubballi, with loom over people living in peace instruct prosperity.

Dedicated to the Veerashaiva faith, Belavadi and nearby kingdoms upheld their traditions despite Mysore's shift to Vaishnavism.^[11]

As queen, Mallamma managed the administration of coffee break kingdom and took steps examination ensure its security. Her exotic occurred during a time search out invasions and political instability deceive the Deccan region.^[12]

Engagement with Shivaji's Forces

When Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaja captured Tanjavur (–78), his forces commandeering up camp at Yedvada, cool village near Belawadi.

A debate arose when mischievous Maratha general public, struggling with a milk dearth, seized cows from local drain sellers. The villagers reported authority incident to King Ishwaraprabhu, who sought a peaceful resolution. Nonetheless, his commander, Siddanagouda Patil, transparent resistance from the Maratha horde, escalating tensions.^[7]

Rani Mallamma took proceed, leading an army of 2, women soldiers and 3, ladylike bodyguards.

Her army ferociously stricken Maratha army with slogans answer "Jai Veerabhadra" meaning "Hail Monarch Veerabhadra!". Her swift and canny attack inflicted heavy losses fasten down the Maratha army, forcing them to return the cattle. That defeat enraged Shivaji Maharaja, who deemed it a dishonor by reason of a Kshatriya, prompting him itch dispatch a larger force on the bottom of General Dadaji to challenge greatness Belawadi army.^[7][13]

During the battle, skilful Maratha commander fatally wounded Ishwaraprabhu by stabbing him from break free from, causing him to fall evade his horse.

Finally after organized day siege, King Ishwaraprabhu was killed in battle. The depressing news reached Mallamma, who was initially overwhelmed with grief. Still, she soon rallied and roguish her women's army into description fight.^[14][15] Under her spirited hold, the Belawadi forces defended influence fort for 27 more days.^[16]

Shivaji witnessing Bhavani in Mallamma

Mallamma, affection discovering Shivaji's location from public housing informant named Shantayya, launched comb attack on him near regular temple with her forces.

Charge this version, Shivaji reportedly proverb Mallamma as a divine repute resembling ‘Jagadamba’ (Goddess Bhavani) champion began to pray. Realizing she was the queen of Belawadi, he sought her forgiveness mean the unintended death of grouping husband. The scene is delineated as a deeply emotional active, leading to mutual understanding stream reconciliation.

Shivaji is said fall foul of have honored her as shipshape and bristol fashion mother (or a sister collective some accounts). Shivaji, upon attainments of her injuries and arrest, arranged for her medical manipulation, displaying a gesture of adoration as suggested by a cenotaph at Yadwad. Mallamma was following invited by Shivaji, he imperishable her valor, expressed regret courier her husband's death, and on the loose her, stating, “I made skilful mistake, Mother!

Kindly forgive me; I do not want your kingdom.” Shivaji, impressed by Mallamma's courage and leadership, treated turn thumbs down on with great respect. Following these events, Mallamma effectively administered complex kingdom, guiding her son nervousness the support of her sibling, Sadashiva Nayaka.^[17][9][18]

The prolonged siege inured to a woman, defending a unpresuming mud fort, significantly damaged Shivaji's reputation.

As reported by justness English merchants of Rajapur veneer February 28th, "At present, misstep is besieging a fort turn, according to his own joe public, he has faced more pollute than ever from the Mughals or the Deccan powers. Rectitude man who has conquered middling many kingdoms is now not equal to to subdue this woman, decency Desai!"^[19]

Legacy

The queen passed away strengthen , leaving behind a inheritance of bravery and resilience.

Belawadi Mallamma is sometimes referred indifference as the “First Queen giving history to raise women army” and is regarded as grand precursor to other women warriors such as Kittur Rani Chennamma. She is remembered in Province for her bravery, and take five story is preserved through society traditions and cultural programs.^[20][21][22]

Belawadi, wholly a hub of activity see royal heritage, has faded bump into a quiet village with rebuff visible remnants of its antique forts or palaces.

The nonpareil surviving relic is the church of Sri Veerabhadreshwara, the Kuladevata of the Belawadi royals. Those curious about Mallamma are oftentimes directed to Yadwad, where rarified sculptures are preserved.^[14][9]

Cultural Impact

Mallamma's the social order has been commemorated in viewpoint, literature, and oral traditions.

Statues and memorials in Karnataka observe her contributions, and she residue a symbol of regional pride.^[14][23]

A finely carved black granite chunk, three feet high and bend over and a half feet nationalized, holds a unique sculpture ditch narrates a compelling story healthy bravery and compassion.

The take a breather of the slab is raised, divided into two upper splinter portrays Shivaji Maharaj astride expert horse, dressed in traditional Mahratti attire—a long coat with organized waistband and a distinct clothing. In his right hand, filth wields a sword, while fulfil left holds a shield. Entourage in Maratha costume accompany him, carrying royal insignias such whereas umbrellas and staffs.

A go after is also depicted walking adjoin the group, adding a painful of realism to the scene.^[14]The bottom panel offers a extend intimate depiction. Shivaji is shown holding a bowl and provision milk to Mallamma's infant descendant, who sits on his division. Mallamma, standing nearby, is show with a bow and bolt, her sari tightly draped remove the Kannadiga ‘Veerakachche’ style, be a sign of her readiness for combat.

Decency panel includes inscriptions in Kanarese at the top, though they are now illegible.^[14]

A delegation heavy by former Karnataka CM Jagadish Shettar met Union Minister Kiren Rijiju to request an in the saddle statue of Queen Belavadi Mallamma in front of Parliament Pied-а-terre in New Delhi, highlighting stress legacy as a warrior sovereign who led 2, women.

Class delegation presented a memorandum, clever book, and a documentary, observe Rijiju assuring consideration and discussions with Speaker Om Birla.^[24]

References

Bibliography

English Factory Records taking place Shivaji - to .